Spain and Europe in an era of policy uncertainty

Letter from the Editors

Spanish economy

Outlook for Spain’s economy and public finances: 2024-2025

The Spanish economy continues to grow faster than the European average, with growth projections revised upwards for 2024 and 2025 to 3% and 2.1%, respectively. ...

Industrial production

Industrial production in the euro area: Navigating shocks, sectoral challenges, and global trade shifts

The euro area’s industrial sector, historically a pillar of economic strength, faces significant challenges in the wake of recent external shocks, with ...

Technology exports

The evolution of Spain’s high-tech exports through 2023

Spain’s high-tech product export intensity ranked sixteenth in the EU-27 in 2022, which is a considerable improvement from its position between 2014 and ...

Monetary policy

The ECB’s new monetary playbook

In 2024, the European Central Bank (ECB) introduced a “new monetary playbook,” emphasizing the transition from a rigid rulebook to a more adaptive ...

Countercyclical buffers

Countercyclical capital in Spanish banks: A review in the context of capital buffers

In efforts to achieve convergence with EU supervisory standards and in response to recommendations from the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB), the Bank of ...

Catalan agreement

Regional financing reforms and the Catalan agreement

The recent fiscal agreement reached with Catalonia seeks to increase the region’s fiscal autonomy, bringing with it the potential to reshape ...

Fiscal institutions

Ten years of AIReF: A comparative evaluation

In its first ten years of operation, Spain’s Independent Authority for Fiscal Responsibility (AIReF ) has helped support the functioning of the ...

Gender GAP

Spain’s gender pay gap: Convergence faces upcoming challenges

Over the last two decades, Spain’s gender pay gap has narrowed significantly, from 29% in 2002 to 17% in 2022. However, recent stagnation in convergence ...

Regulation and Economic Outlook
Recent key developments in the area of Spanish financial regulation
Prepared by the Regulation and Research Department of the Spanish Confederation of Savings Banks (CECA)
Spanish economic forecasts panel: November 2024
Funcas Economic Trends and Statistics Department
Key Facts
Economic Indicators
Financial Indicators
Social indicators